Promoting graphite spheroidization: Spheroidizing agents can introduce stable elements (such as magnesium, rare earths, etc.) into liquid iron. These elements combine with carbon in the iron to form spherical graphite. Compared with flake graphite, spherical graphite has a reduced tendency to fracture the matrix, thereby enhancing the strength, plasticity and toughness of cast iron.

Preventing Metal Penetration and Sand Adhesion: The unique spherical particle shape and excellent permeability of Baozhu sand make it effective in preventing metal penetration and sand adhesion on the thick surfaces, hot spots, and riser roots of large steel castings, thereby enhancing the surface quality of the castings.

Porosity control in casting process: During the casting process, the casting temperature and casting speed should be strictly controlled to avoid porosity caused by overheating or undercooling of the molten metal or by too fast or too slow casting speed.

Improving the metallurgical quality of cast steel, deoxidation treatment is a crucial step. The following is an analysis of the importance of deoxidation in the metallurgical process of cast steel:

Precision ceramic polishing with a high-precision requirement of Ra 0.025 μm is a complex and highly delicate processing technology that requires the integration of mechanical, chemical, and precise control techniques.

The shape of the zircon sand grains is close to spherical, with good fluidity and high permeability. It can fill the slender holes, the inner angle parts of the castings and the complex inner cavity parts, and is also relatively easy to be compacted. It has high strength, does not break or powder, and has good reusability. It can also reduce the production cost of castings and improve the working environment in the workshop. It has been widely used in lost foam casting.

To optimize the melting process of ductile iron and reduce gas holes, the following aspects can be considered:

The aluminum alloy grades suitable for die casting and their applications are as follows

During operation, the failure forms of the springs or metal bellows in mechanical seals include permanent deformation, fracture, corrosion, creep or relaxation, etc. Among them, the influencing factors of permanent deformation and fracture failure of metal bellows are the most complex. The loading elastic elements of mechanical seals are mostly cylindrical compression helical springs. Therefore, this section mainly analyzes the failure of cylindrical compression helical springs, and the principle also applies to other springs or metal bellows.

Chemical and electrochemical corrosion pose a serious threat to the service life of mechanical seals. The causes of corrosion are complex and varied. Here, only the most common forms of corrosion in mechanical seals and the most significant influencing factors are analyzed.

Through the analysis of failure causes, the technical level of applying mechanical seals can be improved. Structural design improvements are largely derived from fault analysis. To achieve as accurate an analysis of faults as possible, it may sometimes take time and even require the use of specialized testing techniques.

To reduce the porosity of ductile iron through mold design, the following aspects can be considered and optimized